Seizures in a child with tuberculomas: case report

Central tuberculomas, occurring because of the haematogenous spread of' M. tuberculosis, can present variably with the symptoms ranging from headache, decreased level of consciousness, neck stiffness to altered mental status, seizures and focal deficits. Diagnostic investigations include but are not limited to CSF analysis, MRI Brain, CT head, and AFB smear, mycobacterial cultures or CBNAAT of the CSF sample. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy can help distinguishing the tuberculoma from its differentials by showing a peculiar lipid peak. Treatment with the antituberculosis drugs over a prolonged period of time along with dexamethasone usually shows significant clinical improvement. Authors present to you the case report of an 8 year old boy who presented to the pediatric emergency with generalized tonic clonic seizures and was subsequently detected with the tuberculoma with the help of MRI Brain and CBNAAT (cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test) of CSF sample. The objective of this case report is to discuss the symptoms, pathogenesis, detection and management of tuberculomas, which are still quite common in the developing countries and if left untreated are associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Necrotizing enterocolitis: a case report

Nectrotizing enterocilitis(NEC), a disease predominant in the premature formula fed infants, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in NICU survivors. The symptoms may vary from apnea, fever, lethargy to abdominal distension, bloody stools, poor feeding and vomiting. The mainstay of treatment is the IV feeds, discontinuation of oral feeds, nasogastric (NG) decompression, possible breathing support and surgery. The objective of this case report is to discuss the presentation, treatment, prognosis and proposed preventative measures of NEC, which can help raise awareness and henceforth improve the management and subsequent prognosis of this disease. Authors present to you the case report of a VLBW (Very Low Birth Weight) premature infant with NEC.

Developmental Persistent Falcine Sinus With Cranium Bifidum Occultum, Craniosynostosis, And Associated Anomalies: A Unique Case

The falcine sinus is an intrauterine anatomic structure located in the falx cerebri that is closed after birth and persistenceof this embryologic falcine sinus is considered as a rare variation of the venous pathway which is associated with defect in the development of the straight sinus leading to formation of an alternate venous pathway served by the persistent falcine sinus. Cranium bifidum occultum is another rare skull ossification disorder referred to as the Catlin mark characterized by ossification defects in the parietal bones. Many other associated anomalies can be seen with persistent falcine sinus apart from cranium bifidum occultum which include absent or dysplastic tentorium cerebelli, agenesis of the corpus callosum, apert syndrome, atretic occipital/parietal encephalocele, vein of galen malformation, osteogenesis imperfecta, and chiari malformation Type II. We describe a rare case of a 10-year-old girl who presented with short stature, intermittent headache, and abnormal skull shape. On radiological examination, persistent falcine sinus was detected with large midline skull defect at the high parietal area. The straight sinus was absent, and there was dysplastic tentorium cerebelli. In addition to these, craniosynostosis was also present with many other associated anomalies. Persistent falcine sinus and cranium bifidum occultum are very rare, and when found, they are associated with many anomalies raising the possibility that they may represent the benign end of the same developmental spectrum. To the best of our knowledge, these constellations of anomalies have been reported in very few children.

Role of Spiral Computed Tomography Scan in Evaluation of Retroperitoneal Pathologies.

The study role of Spiral Computed Tomography Scan in evaluation of Retroperitoneal Pathologies was done in 50 patients with clinically suspected retroperitoneal mass in the Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging of Govt. Medical College, Amritsar during the year 2012-2013. All patients underwent routine investigations followed by CT examination of the abdomen. Final diagnosis was achieved by operative findings / FNAC / histopathology or by other investigations. The sensitivity of CT to detect presence / Absence of mass was 100%, to identify organ of origin the sensitivity was 98% and for characterization of mass sensitivity was 82%.